What are the two operating modes of fiber optics?

The two operating modes of fiber optics are single mode and multi-mode. Single-mode fiber optic cables have a small core diameter, allowing only one mode of light to propagate. This design is ideal for long-distance telecommunications because it minimizes signal loss and allows higher bandwidth over longer distances.

On the other hand, multi-mode fiber optic cables have a larger core diameter, which permits multiple modes of light to travel through the cable simultaneously. This makes multi-mode fiber more suitable for shorter distances, such as within a building or campus, due to higher modal dispersion which can limit the distance for optimal performance.

Understanding the distinction between these two modes is crucial for networking professionals, as it impacts both the design and implementation of fiber optic networks depending on the application's distance and bandwidth requirements.